Formulas

Tower approach = leaving condenser-water temperature − ambient wet-bulb temperature.

Tower range = entering condenser-water temperature − leaving condenser-water temperature.

Tower effectiveness = range ÷ (range + approach) × 100.

Assumptions

All temperatures represent the same stable operating condition. Wet-bulb and condenser-water readings are assumed accurate.

Limitations

This calculator does not verify sensor accuracy, tower design, airflow, water flow, load, fan operation, or root cause. It does not apply universal healthy or unhealthy thresholds.